Read about youth hostels. Then write a paragraph about them, using adverbs of degree and sentence adverbs.

• Formally, Youth hostels are located all over the world.
• They are presumably popular with young people, but you do not have to be young to stay at one.
• Probably, they often have very rustic accommodations, like cabins.
• Actually, people staying there often have meals with people they don’t know.
• Unfortunately, the bathroom is often shared and located in the hallway.
• Frankly, the prices are usually cheap.

Unit 3: Far and Away

A. Write the missing letters.

1. r e l a t i v e l y
2. u n i q u e
3. a l t e r n a t i v e
4. e c o s y s t e m
5. s u r f a c e
6. w i d e s p r e a d
7. c a p s u l e
8. c o m m e r c i a l
9. u n d i s t u r b e d

B. Write the words from exercise A next to the definitions below.

1. relatively: mostly; more or less
2. unique: one of a kind; unusual
3. alternative: another option or choice
4. cozy: warm and comforting
5. widespread: covering a large area
6. surface: the outside or top of something
7. ecosystem: plants and animals that work together in nature
8. undisturbed: in its natural state; not bothered or touched
9. capsule: a kind of container

C. Unscramble the sentences.

1. barely/anything/You’ve/eaten/!

You’ve barely eaten anything!

2. the/Is/enough/bright/light/?

Is the light bright enough?

3. name/his/know/scarcely/I/.

I scarcely know his name.

4. very/goes/He/to/frequently/Asia/.

He goes to Asia very frequently.

5. cooked/The/perfectly/are/not/potatoes/quite/.

The potatoes are not cooked quite perfectly.

6. disagree/completely/I/.

I completely disagree.

7. extremely/That/dangerous/is/road/.

That road is extremely dangerous.

8. planning/vacation/They’ve/finished/almost/their/.

They’ve almost finished planning their vacation.

D. Circle the correct adverb of degree in each sentence.

1. There aren’t (enough / scarcely) rooms for us at this hotel. Some people can stay here, but other people will have to go to another hotel.
2. It is (nearly / extremely) cold in the winter in Finland. People need to wear a lot of clothes to stay warm.
3. I am (almost / completely) out of money. I only have 10 riyals left.
4. It’s (hardly / too) late to go to the museum now. I’m going back to the hotel.
5. The flight was (rather / barely) bumpy. I feel sick now.
6. There were (just / quite) enough seats on the bus for all of us. Every seat was taken after we got on.

E. Write sentences using the adverbs of degree.

1. so: It's so hot in here. Do you have a fan?
2. very: I'm very tired. I want to go to bed now.
3. absolutely: I'm absolutely sure. I have no questions about it.
4. enough: There isn't enough tea. I will make more.
5. barely: There's barely anybody here. Only 3 people.
6. completely: I am completely out of coffee. I don't have any more.

F. Rewrite each sentence to include the sentence adverbs.

1. She is sleeping right now. (probably)

She is probably sleeping right now.

2. They didn’t like the hotel. (admittedly)

Admittedly, they didn’t like the hotel.

3. We missed the beginning. (actually)

We actually missed the beginning.

4. They have tried to call by now. (undoubtedly)

They have undoubtedly tried to call by now.

5. Bob is avoiding me. (evidently)

Evidently, Bob is avoiding me.

6. You’ll be staying with us. (naturally)

Naturally, you'll be staying with us.

G. Match the sentence adverbs with their meanings.

1. f clearly
2. c undoubtedly
3. g presumably
4. a probably
5. h unfortunately
6. e actually
7. b officially
8. d frankly

H. Read about youth hostels. Then write a paragraph about them, using adverbs of degree and sentence adverbs.

• Formally, Youth hostels are located all over the world.
• They are presumably popular with young people, but you do not have to be young to stay at one.
• Probably, they often have very rustic accommodations, like cabins.
• Actually, people staying there often have meals with people they don’t know.
• Unfortunately, the bathroom is often shared and located in the hallway.
• Frankly, the prices are usually cheap.

I. READING

Read and answer the questions.

1. Why don’t the tents disturb the local ecosystem?

They were built by hand, on raised platforms.

2. What are two of the eco-friendly design features mentioned?

Rain collection and passive solar architecture.

3. Why shouldn’t people stay there if they aren’t physically fit?

Because they need to use stairs and walk along walkways.

4. Why is it expensive to stay at the Maho Bay Camps?

Ecotourism costs more to sustain.

K. Look at the picture. Take notes on the things you can see and what is happening. Then write sentences that describe the causes and effects of changes in nature.

1. Global warming causes extreme changes in climate.
2. In hot, dry areas, evaporation can result in a huge loss of water.

L. WRITING

Even though ecotourism can be rustic and rough, it often costs the same or more than a luxury hotel. Do you think ecotourism is worth it? Why or why not?

1. Before you write, fill in the chart with your ideas about the PROs (advantages) and CONs (disadvantages) of ecotourism.

2. Now write why you think it is or isn’t worth it. Use your ideas from the chart to help you.

• Ecotourism is a responsible form of tourism to natural areas aiming to protect the environment and its resources.
• Tourism, especially ecotourism, is seen as important for generating income for communities, that's why ecotourism is worth.
• The world absolutely needs more ecotourism.
• It teaches Travellers to be more attuned to the pristine areas of the world, it helps educate people, it provides funds for conservation as well as for local communities.
• Ecotourism incorporates the following criteria; promote biological and cultural diversity, touring unspoiled natural habitats, and the main attractions being local culture.

M. Complete the story. Use be going to with the verbs in parentheses.

• Adnan and Hussain (1.) are going to visit (visit) London for two days. When they arrive at Heathrow airport, they (2.) are going to take (take) the London Underground train to the center of town.
• They’re going to (3.) get (get) off at Green Park Station.
• Adnan’s uncle (4.) is going to pick (pick) them up at the station.
• After they have dinner at his house, his sons (5.) are going to invite (invite) some friends over to meet them.
• The next day, Adnan and Hussain (6.) are going to go (go) on a tour of the city on a double-decker bus.
• The bus tour (7.) is going to stop (stop) at Big Ben and Buckingham Palace, and includes a short cruise on the Thames River.
• On their last day, they (8.) are going to cross (cross) the Millennium Bridge and visit the Tate Modern.
• In the evening, they (9.) are going to say (say) goodbye to their cousins the hotel and take the Underground back to the airport.
• Adnan says, “I (10.) am going to have (have) a short, but eventful trip.”

N Complete the questions. Use the question words in the box. Then write the answers from the story in exercise M. Use the short forms of be going to.

1. Where are the boys going to go?
They are going to go to London.

2. How long are they going to stay there?
They are going to stay for two days.

3. How are they going to travel to the center?
They are going to take the train.

4. What is going to meet them at the station?
Adnan's uncle.

5. What are they going to do on the day after they arrive in London?
They are going to take a tour of the city.

6. Which famous buildings is the bus going to stop at?
It's going to stop at Big Ben and Buckingham Palace.

7. When are they going to take the plane home?
In the evening on their last day.

O. Rearrange the words to make sentences.

1. the/ for / city / is / buildings / its / historic / famous

The city is famous for its historic buildings.

2. hot / and / climate / summer / the / the / is humid / in

The climate is hot and humid in the summer.

3. cooler / temperatures / much / are / winter.

Winter temperatures are much cooler.

4. is / the / Ankara / city / of / capital / Turkey.

Ankara is the capital city of Turkey.

5. and / oranges the / producing / citrus / plains / are / fruits / fertile / renowned / like /for lemons

The fertile plains are renowned for producing citrus fruits.

P. Write questions for the following answers. Use the underlined words in each question.

1. I don’t know what I’m doing this weekend.

What are you doing this weekend?

2. No, I’m going to take the car tonight.

Are you going to drive home tonight?

3. He’ll probably go to Dubai next vacation.

Where will he go on his next vacation?

4. Their friends are arriving from Tabuk tomorrow.

What are their friends doing tomorrow?

5. She’s meeting her sisters at the airport in an hour.

Who's she meeting at the airport in an hour?

Q. Complete the conversation. Use the information in the chart. Use going to for definite plans and will for indefinite plans.

Samir’s Weekend Plans:

• Ali: Hi, Samir. What are you doing this weekend? Samir: I’m making plans for the weekend.
• Maybe I (1.) will go (go) to the exhibition at the Ha’il Museum on Thursday afternoon. Ali: That’s going to be interesting!
• Are you going to stay all afternoon?
• Samir: No. I (2.) will probably stay (probably/stay) for an hour or two. Do you want to go?
• Ali: Sure! And I (3.) am definitely going to go (definitely/go) to the Champions League football game at eight.
• Samir: Me, too. Let’s get there at seven. Ali: Fine. I guess we (4.) will probably be (probably/be) the first people there.
• Samir: That’s OK. We (5.) are going to find (find) great seats for sure! Are you going to go to the Friday Market?
• Ali: I (6.) am not going to spend (not spend) the whole day there. I think it (7.) won't be (not be) much fun. What about Saturday?
• Samir: I (8.) am going to watch (watch) the Ha’il Rally early in the morning, and I (9.) will probably stay (probably/stay) till three. Are you going to it?
• Ali: You bet! Then what are you going to do?
• Samir: I (10.) am going to go (go) to Badr’s house for the barbecue on Saturday evening. Why don’t you come with me?
• Ali: Thanks for the invite! Maybe I (11.) will join (join) you. Perhaps I (12.) will call (call) Badr to check it’s OK with him first.