Unit 3: What Will They Think of Next?

A Write the missing letters of the words.

1. c i r c u i t s

2. s p a n

3. c o n d e n s e d

4. r a n k

5. d e t e r m i n e d

6. e x p e c t a n c y

7. s a n i t a t i o n

B Complete the sentences with the words from exercise A.

1. We don’t have any electricity because the circuits are down.

2. Restaurants follow strict rules about sanitation to keep their kitchens clean and make sure that their food does not make anyone sick.

3. Our baseball team wins a lot of games, so they usually have a good rank in the league.

4. His speech was over an hour long, but he only had 30 minutes to talk. So he gave a condensed version of it.

5. They have not yet determined who they are going to hire, so I don’t know if I got the job.

6. People’s life expectancy has gotten longer and longer as medicine improves.

7. Cell phones are used more extensively across the world now than they were ten years ago.

C Read the sentences. Label the 1st event and the 2nd event.

1. I will have finished(1st) my dessert by the time the waiter gets (2nd) me my coffee.

2. By the time they find(2nd) a cure for cancer, many patients(1st) will have died.

3. By 2024(2nd), he will have been teaching(1st) for 40 years.

4. Our grandchildren will have grown(1st) up by the time people start living(2nd) on the moon.

5. By June(2nd), I will have(1st) graduated.

6. The sun will have set by(1st) the time we finish dinner(2nd).

7. By the time he calls(2nd) back, we will have been(1st) sleeping for hours.

8. By the time everybody uses electric(2nd) cars, many glaciers will have(1st) melted.

9. My sister will have been living(1st) in Paris for a year by the time(2nd) I visit her.

D Write the verb in parentheses in the future perfect or future perfect progressive.

1. They will have released (release) a new model by the time I’m ready to get one.

2. By the time the baby can walk, he will have turned (turn) one year old.

3. By the time I have enough money saved, the price of houses will have gone (go) up.

4. I will have been working (work) for three hours by the time you are ready to help.

5. By the time the pie is ready, our dinner guests will have gone (go) home!

6. By the time we arrive, she will have been waiting (wait) for over an hour!

7. The film will have ended (end) by the time we get there. Hurry!

8. I will have finished (finish) this research paper by the time my parents buy me a new computer!

9. DVD players will have become (become) obsolete by 2030.

10. They will have been living (live) in Oman for three years by the time we have enough money saved to visit them.

E Complete the sentences with the correct time phrase. Use when, before, after, while, until, or since.
Sometimes more than one answer is possible.

1. They will stop charging so much money to use the beach when the summer is over.

2. when they come out with a new cell phone, I will buy one.

3. He will earn a lot of money since he is smart and hardworking.

4. The child will fall asleep after her mother reads to her.

5. Medicine will continue advancing until they’ve found cures for everything.

6. Before I buy a new computer, I will do research to be sure I’m getting the best one.

F Write a sentence about each picture. Use the future perfect, future perfect progressive, or the future with dependent time clauses in each sentence.

1. By the time space travel becomes affordable, I will have gotten too old.

2. He will turn off his computer after he's done working.

3. He will have got a new cell phone, by the time he got married.

4. By 2030, we will have travelled by metro.

5. By the time I arrived to Spain, the final match will have started.

6. I will have finished reading the newspaper, by evening.

G Complete the sentences. Use the future with dependent time clauses, the future perfect, or the future perfect progressive.

1. By next month, we will have finished unit 4.

2. By the time this class ends, my teacher will have assigned us homework.

3. By the time this class ends, I will have finished this exercise.

4. I will use this book until I move to the next level.

5. By 2025, I will have started my studies.

6. By next year, my parents will have bought me a new computer.

7. I will have gone to bed by 11 p.m.

8. By tomorrow, I will have gone home.

9. When we graduate from high school, I will be very happy.

10. I will have become old by the time I have grandchildren.

H Complete the sentences with the words and phrases from the box.

1. Hey! You should check out the new cell phones they are selling at IT Wireless! It’s really worth going to see them.

2. Will there be a computer there that I can use? I don’t feel like lugging my laptop there with me.

3. A: What are you doing today?

B: I don’t have any plans. I think I’ll just go with the flow today.

4. This is the best Internet service provider out there. You should just trust me on this .

I have tried all of them, so I would know.

5. I have decided to ditch the group. We don’t have any common interests.

6. I don’t think this phone is very good at all. I’m not sure what all the hoopla is about.

I READING

Read the essay. Then answer true or false for each statement below.

1. F Leonardo published a book with his ideas for inventions.

2. T Some of Leonardo’s notebooks were lost.

3. F The first parachute was used in Italy.

4. F Leonardo flew the first helicopter.

5. F first airplane landing gear was used in 1907.

6. T The compressed air tank is used in scuba diving.

J Complete the sentences with the verb in parentheses in an appropriate future form. Sometimes more than one answer is possible.

According to a market forecast, in five years from now, eLearning (1) will have reached (reach) a volume of nearly 5 billion dollars in the highest buying markets.

This amount (2) will be spent (spend) on packaged content, development services, learning platforms, tool hosting services, authoring software, and platform installation.

Higher education (3) will have become (become) the largest buyer by the end of the forecast period.

More than 3 million students in the U.S. (4) will be attending (attend) virtual schools, and more corporations (5) will be using (use) e-Learning platforms for meetings and training sessions.

K Read the information about the young man and write sentences using the future perfect or future perfect progressive.

1. (take exams online / for 6 years)

He will have been taking exams online for six years.

2. (access libraries online / for all his assignments)

He will have been accessing libraries online for all his assignments.

3. (order books online / for all his subjects)

He will have been ordering books online for all his subjects.

4. (Graduate from high school)

He will have graduated from high school.

5. (complete two years of his university course)

He will have completed two years of his university course.

6. (spend 18 years in wheelchair-bound)

He will have spent 18 years in wheelchair-bound.

7. (learn a lot)

He will have learnt a lot.

8. (almost complete his studies)

He will have almost completed his studies.

L Look at the picture and imagine it is the year 2040. Write words in the box below to describe what is happening.
Then write sentences about the future using the future perfect and future perfect progressive.

Action words (verbs)

invent new forms of transport, fly a car, achieve high speeds, save space, avoid traffic jams

1. By 2040, we will have invented new forms of transport.

2. By 2040, we will have flying cars.

3. By 2040, we will have solved the problem of traffic.

M WRITING

Choose a modern invention, such as trains, airplanes, or cell phones. Explain the origins of the invention, how it is used now, and how you think
it will change and develop in the future.

1. Before you write, write notes about the past, present, and future of the invention.

Modern Invention: cars

Past: cars were slow and had no safety features cars were bigger and with thicker steel. Cars were using too much fuel, petrol and causing pollution.

Present: cars are more faster and have safety features, cars are small and with thinner steel. cars now use little petrol, fuel economy.

Future: cars will be more and more fast with new technologies and services. cars will not use fuel any more , cars will use the sun as a source of energy.

2. Now use your notes from the chart to write your essay.

When we think of transportation, it is natural to think first about going places. In the past camels and horses were used as important transport methods for people to go or travel from place to another place, so they were suffering, can you imagine how would take to go from Makkah to Al-madinah, the journey took many days, it was a big burden and stressful.

Since the invention of the cars, train and plane life has become easier, we all know how cars and the technology of car updated and improved year by year so in the past cars were slow and had no safety features, cars were bigger and with thicker steel, cars were using too much fuel, petrol, and causing pollution but nowadays cars are more faster and have safety features, cars are smaller and with thinner steel, cars now use little petrol, fuel economy.

Because of the revolution of technology cars will be more and more fast with new technologies and services, by 2040 I expect to have robot cars that are controlled by the driver voice. By 2030 cars will not use fuel any more cars will use the sun as a source of energy.

N Make each statement a yes/no question. Then give a short answer.

1. My parents both speak English.

Q: Do your parents both speak English?

A: Yes, they do.

2. The hotel doesn’t have its own website.

Q: Does the hotel have its own website?

A: No, it doesn't.

3. My brother and I don’t go to the same school.

Q: Do you and your brother go to the same school?

A: No, wd don't.

4. The restaurant offers a free Wi-Fi connection.

Q: Does the restaurant offer free a Wi-Fi connection?

A: Yes, it does.

5. I usually communicate with my friends by email.

Q: Do you usually communicate with your friends by email?

A: Yes, I do.

O Match the questions and answers.

1. How’s it going? d

2. When’s your graduation? f

3. What’s your last name? a

4. Why’s Mr. Jones here? b

5. Where’s your family from? c

6. Who’s that woman over there? e

P Answer the questions.

1. Where were you born? I was born in Abha.

2. Where did you grow up? I grow up in Riyadh.

3. Why did you take the decision to study English? Because English is international language.

4. When did you meet your best friend? I met him in my last high school.

5. Did you spend time on the Internet yesterday? Yes, I did.

6. What did you eat for breakfast this morning? I ate egg and potato.

7. How did you feel on your first day at English school? I felt so happy and convinced, what's more the teacher is so smart, inelegant and nice with the students.