EXPANSION Units 4–6

1. Language Review

A. Find the phrasal verbs in the sentences. Decide if they are used correctly.
If not, rewrite the sentence.

1. It is a shame to see people throw money away buying silly things. correct.
2. This cake is delectable. Thanks for whipping up it. This cake is delectable. Thanks for whipping it up.
3. Just the aroma of breakfast is enough to wake up me. Just the aroma of breakfast is enough to wake me up.
4. Fried food is an unhealthy indulgence. You should give it up. correct.
5. I’m looking forward to seeing my grandparents. correct.
6. The vendor ran nachos out of halfway through the baseball game. The vendor ran out of nachos halfway through the baseball game.
7. I substitute honey for sugar in my tea. I can’t tell apart them. I substitute honey for sugar in my tea I can’t tell them apart.
8. Being diagnosed with heart disease has turned my father into a healthy eater. correct.
9. We ran our professor into at the library. We ran into our professor at the library.
10. Don’t you get tired of staying at home all of the time? correct.

B. Rewrite each sentence using the passive with a reporting verb.

1. Many historians believe the Chinese made the first fireworks over 2,000 years ago.

It is believed that Chinese made the No suggestions first fireworks over 2,000 years ago.

2. People think that the Egyptians were the first people to domesticate the cat.

It is thought that the Egyptians were the first people to domesticate the cat.

3. People thought space travel was impossible 100 years ago.

Space travel was thought to be impossible 100 years ago.

4. They think Reema is responsible for spreading the rumour.

Reema is thought to be responsible for spreading the rumour.

5. People say the shortest distance between two points is a straight line.

It is said that the shortest distance between two points is a straight line.

6. People once considered that the earth was flat.

The earth was once considered to be flat.

7. The government expects that unemployment will decline by 2 percent this year.

Unemployment is expected to decline by 2 percent this year.

8. Doctors consider that many cancers are treatable if they are caught early.

Many cancers are thought to be treatable if they are caught early.

C. Rewrite each active sentence as a passive sentence.

1. You can prevent many illnesses with a healthy diet.

Many illnesses can be prevented with a healthy diet.

2. The school board may cut the school’s budget next year.

The school's budget may be cut next year (by the school board).

3. People can cure hiccups by drinking a glass of water quickly.

Hiccups can be cured by drinking a glass of water quickly.

4. Young people should treat older people with respect.

Older people should be treated with respect by young people.

5. Students must submit their application forms by March 13th.

Application forms must be submitted by March 13th.

6. Parents should read to their children every day.

Children should be read to every day.

7. A pharmacist should explain the potential side effects of the medication.

The potential side effects of the medication should be explained by a pharmacist.

8. A doctor has to diagnose a disease before he can treat it.

A disease must be diagnosed before it can be treated.

9. I think scientists will find a cure for cancer in the near future.

I think a cure for cancer will be found in the near future.

10. The chef may add new items to the menu next week.

New items may be added to the menu next week.

D. Look at the pictures. Write a past hypothetical sentence about each.

b. If Marco hadn't spilled the milk, his roommate wouldn't have stepped in it.

c. If his roommate hadn't steeped in the milk, he wouldn't have slipped.

d. If his roommate hadn't slipped, he wouldn't have broken his leg.

e. If his roommate hadn't broken his leg, he wouldn't have gone to the hospital.

f. If Marco hadn't said sorry, they would have argued.

g. If Marco had cleared the kitchen, his roommate wouldn't have had the accident.

2. Reading

After Reading

A. Complete the sentences with these words:

1. Someone who cannot move his or her body is paralyzed.
2. Something that creates a lot of excitement can be called a sensation.
3. Someone who is accused of robbing a bank, but who has not yet been proven to have done it, can be called an alleged robber.
4. Some feel that the idea that people will one day live in space is far-fetched.
5. Someone who does not believe something that is believed by others can be described as sceptical.
6. When something is turned from one thing into another, it is converted.
7. Someone who has a lot of abilities that they have not yet begun to use is said to have great potential.

B. Answer the questions.

1. What is telekinesis?

It is the ability to move objects with mind.

2. Who was Nina Kulagina?

She was a Russian woman who was alleged to have telekinetic powers.

3. How can technology make it possible for the mind to move objects?

A computer chip implanted in the brain could read brain waves and send a message to a computer.

4. What surgery did Michael Nagle undergo?

Nagle had a chip implanted in his brain that could read brain waves.

5. How did the surgery change Nagle’s life?

He could perform simple tasks in his home by thinking about them.

3. Language Plus

A. Complete each sentence with one of the idioms shown.

1. When I saw that he had crashed into our car, I gave him a piece of my mind.
2. When I’m on a diet, I can’t keep my mind off of food.
3. I could’ve sworn I left my keys here. Sometimes I think I’m losing my mind.
4. I’ve been finding it hard to sleep lately because I have a lot on my mind.
5. I know you don’t like tomatoes, but keep on open mind as you taste this sauce.